Five-Year Survival 90 percent Stage II Standard Treatment • For low-grade tumors, surgery alone, with the same considerations as Stage I. Radical surgery is generally required. • For high-grade tumors, same considerations as Stage I. Postoperative radiotherapy is used to reduce the local recurrence rate if the surgical margins are positive or the nerves or soft tissues of the neck are involved. Five-Year Survival 55 percent Stage III Standard Treatment • For low-grade tumors, same as Stages I and II. • For high-grade tumors, same considerations as Stages I and II. Chemotherapy should be considered when surgery or radiation is refused or for recurrent or unresponsive tumors. Studies are trying to improve local control with fast neutron beam therapy, radiosensitizers and chemotherapy.